Gold Latin Cross Glass Ornament

These gold crosses are 5 inches long and 4 inches across. The ends of each arm are diamond shaped. There are 8, one eighth inch, gold glass beads circling the center of the cross with a � inch clear glass stone in the very center. The cross is made of transparent, soft gold, glass. There are thin lines of gold, highlighting the features of this beautiful cross ornament. The hanging loop consists of � inch gold mesh ribbon, tied to form a 3 inch hanging loop.
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Glass History
The first factory in what is now the United States was a glass plant built at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1608. The venture failed within a year because of a famine that took the lives of many colonists. The Jamestown colonists tried glassmaking again in 1621, but an Indian attack in 1622 and the scarcity of workers ended this attempt in 1624. The industry was reestablished in America in 1739, when Caspar Wistar built a glassmaking plant in what is now Salem County, New Jersey, which operated until 1780.
Wistar is one of the great names of early American glass. The second great American glassmaker was Henry William Stiegel who made clear and colored glass, engraved and enameled glass and the first lead glass produced in North America. A third important American glassmaker was John F. Amelung, who became best known for his elegant engraved glass. Another important early American glass, Sandwich glass, was made by the Boston and Sandwich Glass Company, founded by Deming Jarves in 1825.It was long believed to be the first company in America to produce pressed glass. But the first was the Bakewell, Page and Bakewell Company of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, which began to make pressed glass earlier in 1825. These two companies and many others soon made large quantities of inexpensive glass, both pressed and blown. Every effort was made to produce an economical cut glass.� In lacy Sandwich, for example, glassmakers decorated molds with elaborate designs to give the objects a complex, lacelike effect.
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In the early 1800�s window glass, which was called crown glass, was in the greatest demand. It was made by blowing a bubble of glass, then spinning it until it was flat. This process left a sheet of glass with a bump called a crown in the center. By 1825, the cylinder process had replaced the crown method. In this process, molten glass was blown into the shape of a cylinder. After the cylinder cooled, it was sliced down one side. When reheated, it opened up to form a large sheet of thin, clear window glass. In the 1850�s, plate glass was developed for mirrors and other products requiring a high quality of molten glass onto a round or square plate. After the glass was cooled, it was polished on both sides.
Bottles and flasks were first used chiefly for whiskey but the patent medicine industry soon used large numbers of bottles. The screw top Mason jar for canning appeared in 1858. By 1880, commercial food packers began to use glass containers. Glass tableware was used in steadily increasing quantities. The discovery of petroleum and the appearance of the kerosene lamp in the early 1860�s led to a demand for millions of glass lamp chimneys. All these developments helped to expand the glass market.
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History of the Cross
A cross is a geometric figure consisting of two lines or bars intersecting each other at a 90 degree angle, dividing one or two of the lines in half. The lines usually run vertically and horizontally.
The cross is one of the most ancient human symbols and is used by many religions, most notably Christianity. It is frequently a representation of the division of the world into four elements, or cardinal points
The cross is the most common symbol of Christianity. Christians believe that Jesus� Crucifixion played a central role in redeeming humanity from its sins and regard the cross as a sing of redemption.
During the first 300 years after Christ�s death, Christians feared persecution by the hostile Roman government and rarely displayed the cross in public. In the 300�s Romans began to tolerate Christianity and crosses were widely displayed. During the early Middle Ages, Christian artists made crosses as symbols of the Christian belief in the Resurrection of Christ. Many of these crosses portrayed the risen Christ wearing priestly clothes and royal crown. Later, Christians began to emphasize the sufferings of Jesus in Crucifixes.
Crosses have a number of uses in Christian worship.